| ERIKSON'S DEVELOPMENT STAGES |
from Patient Teaching, Loose Leaf Library
Springhouse Corporation (1990)
| Psychoanalyst
Erik Erikson describes the physical, emotional and
psychological stages
of development and relates specific issues, or
developmental work or tasks, to each stage. For example, if
an infant's physical and emotional needs are met sufficiently, the
infant completes his/her task -- developing the ability to trust others.
However, a person who is stymied in an attempt at task mastery may go
on to the next state but carries with him or her the remnants of the
unfinished task. For instance, if a toddler is not allowed to learn
by doing, the toddler develops a sense of doubt in his or her abilities,
which may complicate later attempts at independence. Similarly, a
preschooler who is made to feel that the activities he or she initiates
are bad may develop a sense of guilt that inhibits the person later in
life.
Trust vs Mistrust Needs maximum comfort with minimal uncertainty to trust himself/herself, others, and the environment
Toddler
Preschooler
School-Age Child
Adolescent
Young Adult
Middle-Age Adult
Older Adult |